986: Viking ships sight Newfoundland.L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site is the only authenticated Norse site in North America. (Middle to Late Mesolithic), Scandinavia was populated by mobile or semi-sedentary groups about whom little is known. BBC - History - Ancient History in depth: Viking Religion What is genuine history and what is myth and legend is today impossible to determine, and everything contained in the saga must as such be regarded as legendary, if not fictional. The first mention of a King of Norway - as a unified entity - is found upon the Jelling Stones, which were carved runestones from the 10th century in Denmark. Besides, he was a monarch in 970. The countries had given up their sovereignty but not their independence, and diverging interests (especially Swedish dissatisfaction over the Danish and Holsteinish dominance) gave rise to a conflict that would hamper it from the 1430s until its final dissolution in 1523.[24]. 'saga kings / fairy tale kings') according to legends were rulers of Sweden and the Swedes who preceded Eric the Victorious and Olof Sktkonung, the earliest reliably attested Swedish kings. Denmark was still willing to enter into an alliance with Sweden, but the Swedes saw few advantages in this and the proposal fell. Ynglinga saga appears to have been based on an earlier scaldic poem, Ynglingatal, which is quoted at length by Snorri. Armistice negotiations concluded on 14 August 1814. During Vasa's reign the right to inherit the Swedish crown was ratified through so called succession agreements. On these stones, it is Harald Bluetooth who is recorded as being the first King of Norway - as well as Denmark. Contents 1 Terminology and usage 1.1 Usage in geography 1.2 Variations in usage 1.3 Usage by cultural and tourist organizations The Nordic Bronze Age ended with a deteriorating, colder and wetter climate. The Christianization of Scandinavia occurred nearly simultaneously with the end of the Viking era. By formulating a law that made Christianity the official religion, but also that religious practice in the private sphere was outside of the law, he managed to stave off the threat from Norway, limiting the feuds and avoiding an religiously motivated civil war.[23]. The only sources that mention Ivar are Icelandic sagas from centuries after his death. Christian IV had profited greatly from his policies in northern Germany (Hamburg had been forced to accept Danish sovereignty in 1621, and in 1623 the Danish heir apparent was made Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden. From 1630 to 1634, they drove the Catholic forces back and regained much of the occupied Protestant lands. [9], The sequence of kings presented below is given by the Hervarar saga, a saga written in the 12th or 13th century. A thousand years later, the numerous East Germanic tribes that claimed Scandinavian origins (Burgundians, Goths and Heruls), as did the Lombards, rendered Scandinavia (Scandza) the name "womb of nations" in Jordanes' Getica. After planning for months, Germany invaded both Denmark and Norway the same day, 9 April 1940, days before Britain planned to invade.[34].

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